[NET] 如何从 Winform 移植到 Webform [自己搞定HTTP协议]
Winform 如何移植到 WebForm。
这个问题其实也就是要找一个好的方案，最大程度的复用现有的资源。
同时，WebForm的话，不一定要走ASPNET这条路，可以自己搞定HTTP协议的。
下图是Winform版 
下图是Web版本
1。如何自己搞定HTTP协议
WebForm，可以重头老老实实的用ASPNET来做，不过，现在Oracle，MongoDB这样的数据库都支持本地的浏览器方式管理了，这样的应用，不用安装ASP，PHP这样的服务器，完全自己实现一个简单的HTTP服务器。
OK，我们也实现一个吧，侦听13000（这里随便什么都可以的，不过推荐使用10000以上的端口号）端口，开启多线程，做HTTP服务吧。
public void Start()
{
TcpListener server = null;
try
{
// Set the TcpListener on port 13000.
Int32 port = 13000;
IPAddress localAddr = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
// TcpListener server = new TcpListener(port);
server = new TcpListener(localAddr, port);
// Start listening for client requests.
server.Start();
// Enter the listening loop.
while (true)
{
///对于每个请求创建一个线程，线程的参数是TcpClient对象
TcpClient client = server.AcceptTcpClient();
OutputLog("[Init]" + DateTime.Now + "Connected!", 0);
ParameterizedThreadStart ParStart = new ParameterizedThreadStart(ProcessFun);
Thread t = new Thread(ParStart);
t.Start(client);
}
}
catch (SocketException e)
{
OutputLog("SocketException: " + e, 0);
}
finally
{
// Stop listening for new clients.
server.Stop();
server = null;
}
}
{
TcpListener server = null;
try
{
// Set the TcpListener on port 13000.
Int32 port = 13000;
IPAddress localAddr = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
// TcpListener server = new TcpListener(port);
server = new TcpListener(localAddr, port);
// Start listening for client requests.
server.Start();
// Enter the listening loop.
while (true)
{
///对于每个请求创建一个线程，线程的参数是TcpClient对象
TcpClient client = server.AcceptTcpClient();
OutputLog("[Init]" + DateTime.Now + "Connected!", 0);
ParameterizedThreadStart ParStart = new ParameterizedThreadStart(ProcessFun);
Thread t = new Thread(ParStart);
t.Start(client);
}
}
catch (SocketException e)
{
OutputLog("SocketException: " + e, 0);
}
finally
{
// Stop listening for new clients.
server.Stop();
server = null;
}
}
这里就是不停的启动ProcessFun来响应客户端（写客户端），同时用一个无限循环来侦听请求。
private void ProcessFun(object clientObj)
{
TcpClient client = clientObj as TcpClient;
// Buffer for reading data
Byte[] bytes = new Byte[512];
OutputLog("[Init]Waiting for a connection... ", 0);
// Get a stream object for reading and writing
NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();
int i;
// Loop to receive all the data sent by the client.
while ((client.Available != 0) && (i = stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)) != 0)
{
// Translate data bytes to a ASCII string.
String data = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes, 0, i);
//OutputLog("Received:" + data);
string[] OrgRequest = data.Split(Environment.NewLine.ToCharArray());
if (OrgRequest[0].StartsWith("GET"))
{
String[] Request = OrgRequest[0].Split(" ".ToCharArray());
String RequestItem = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(Request[1], System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
OutputLog("[RequestItem]Received : " + RequestItem, 0);
String[] RequestPath = RequestItem.Split("?".ToCharArray());
switch (RequestPath[0])
{
case "/":
//根节点
GETPage(stream, GetPage.ConnectionList());
break;
case "/Connection":
GETPage(stream, GetPage.Connection(RequestPath[1]));
break;
default:
GETFile(stream, RequestItem.Replace("/", "\\"));
break;
}
}
else
{
if (OrgRequest[0].StartsWith("POST"))
{
}
}
}
// Shutdown and end connection
client.Close();
}
{
TcpClient client = clientObj as TcpClient;
// Buffer for reading data
Byte[] bytes = new Byte[512];
OutputLog("[Init]Waiting for a connection... ", 0);
// Get a stream object for reading and writing
NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();
int i;
// Loop to receive all the data sent by the client.
while ((client.Available != 0) && (i = stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)) != 0)
{
// Translate data bytes to a ASCII string.
String data = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes, 0, i);
//OutputLog("Received:" + data);
string[] OrgRequest = data.Split(Environment.NewLine.ToCharArray());
if (OrgRequest[0].StartsWith("GET"))
{
String[] Request = OrgRequest[0].Split(" ".ToCharArray());
String RequestItem = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(Request[1], System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
OutputLog("[RequestItem]Received : " + RequestItem, 0);
String[] RequestPath = RequestItem.Split("?".ToCharArray());
switch (RequestPath[0])
{
case "/":
//根节点
GETPage(stream, GetPage.ConnectionList());
break;
case "/Connection":
GETPage(stream, GetPage.Connection(RequestPath[1]));
break;
default:
GETFile(stream, RequestItem.Replace("/", "\\"));
break;
}
}
else
{
if (OrgRequest[0].StartsWith("POST"))
{
}
}
}
// Shutdown and end connection
client.Close();
}
这里响应请求，我只写完了GET，POST还没有开始动手呢。这里我们通过Stream.Read来获取请求，然后根据请求内容来寻找资源，将资源返还给客户端。
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="stream"></param>
/// <param name="FileName"></param>
private void GETFile(NetworkStream stream, String FileName)
{
byte[] msg = null;
byte[] bFile = new byte[0];
String data = String.Empty;
Boolean IsFound = false;
if (File.Exists(ServerPath + FileName))
{
IsFound = true;
bFile = ReadFile(ServerPath + FileName);
}
else
{
//资源文件里面获得
if (FileName.StartsWith("\\MainTreeImage"))
{
//MainTreeImage00.png -- 从MainTreeImage 里面获得
int MainTreeImageIndex = Convert.ToInt32(FileName.Substring("\\MainTreeImage".Length, 2));
Image img = GetSystemIcon.MainTreeImage.Images[MainTreeImageIndex];
bFile = GetSystemIcon.imageToByteArray(img,ImageFormat.Png);
IsFound = true;
}
}
if (IsFound)
{
// Process the data sent by the client.
data = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK" + Environment.NewLine;
//if content-type is wrong,FF can;t render it,but IE can
string filetype = String.Empty;
switch (new FileInfo(FileName).Extension)
{
case ".css":
filetype = "text/css";
break;
case ".js":
filetype = "text/javascript";
break;
case ".png":
filetype = "image";
break;
default:
break;
}
data += "Content-Type: @filetype; charset=utf-8".Replace("@filetype", filetype) + Environment.NewLine;
data += "Content-Length: ";
data += (bFile.Length).ToString();
data += Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine;
msg = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
// Send back a response.
stream.Write(msg, 0, msg.Length);
stream.Write(bFile, 0, bFile.Length);
OutputLog("[System]Sent HTML OK", 0);
}
else
{
data = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found" + Environment.NewLine;
msg = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
// Send back a response.
stream.Write(msg, 0, msg.Length);
OutputLog("[System]FileName Not Found:" + FileName, 0);
}
stream.Flush();
}
}
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="stream"></param>
/// <param name="FileName"></param>
private void GETFile(NetworkStream stream, String FileName)
{
byte[] msg = null;
byte[] bFile = new byte[0];
String data = String.Empty;
Boolean IsFound = false;
if (File.Exists(ServerPath + FileName))
{
IsFound = true;
bFile = ReadFile(ServerPath + FileName);
}
else
{
//资源文件里面获得
if (FileName.StartsWith("\\MainTreeImage"))
{
//MainTreeImage00.png -- 从MainTreeImage 里面获得
int MainTreeImageIndex = Convert.ToInt32(FileName.Substring("\\MainTreeImage".Length, 2));
Image img = GetSystemIcon.MainTreeImage.Images[MainTreeImageIndex];
bFile = GetSystemIcon.imageToByteArray(img,ImageFormat.Png);
IsFound = true;
}
}
if (IsFound)
{
// Process the data sent by the client.
data = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK" + Environment.NewLine;
//if content-type is wrong,FF can;t render it,but IE can
string filetype = String.Empty;
switch (new FileInfo(FileName).Extension)
{
case ".css":
filetype = "text/css";
break;
case ".js":
filetype = "text/javascript";
break;
case ".png":
filetype = "image";
break;
default:
break;
}
data += "Content-Type: @filetype; charset=utf-8".Replace("@filetype", filetype) + Environment.NewLine;
data += "Content-Length: ";
data += (bFile.Length).ToString();
data += Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine;
msg = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
// Send back a response.
stream.Write(msg, 0, msg.Length);
stream.Write(bFile, 0, bFile.Length);
OutputLog("[System]Sent HTML OK", 0);
}
else
{
data = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found" + Environment.NewLine;
msg = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
// Send back a response.
stream.Write(msg, 0, msg.Length);
OutputLog("[System]FileName Not Found:" + FileName, 0);
}
stream.Flush();
}
}
将资源（文件）给客户端，就是将资源转换为Bytes字节流，然后写入NetStream里面去。
当然，为了“欺骗”浏览器，我们还要在成功找到资源的时候，给个200 OK的标记，如果没有资源的话，给个404的标记。
以后，还要考虑 缓存的问题，已经请求过的资源，就给个3XX的，不用再重复取得资源了。
对于有些资源内容，这里干脆不从实体文件里面取了，直接从资源里面取了。客户才不知道这个文件到底怎么来的。
2。最大程度的复用代码
为了展示这个树形结构，原来的Windows代码非常的冗长（不是冗余）。
如何将这个树形Winform转为WebForm？如果最大程度的复用代码，这是必须要考虑的。树形展示，我使用了zTree这个Jquery插件。只要能够给他一个JSON的节点信息，就可以帮你自动完成树形了。
原来的代码的目标是生成一个Treeview，现在的目标是做个JSON。当然，可以将原来的代码里面的TreeNode的构成逻辑化为BsonDocument（MongoDB的概念，类似JSON）。不过，最最正确的做法是，直接将Treeview的结果转换为JSON。不用修改任何原来的代码，最大限度的使用原来的代码。
#region"展示数据库结构 WebForm"
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ConnectionName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static String FillConnectionToJSON(String ConnectionName)
{
String strJSON = String.Empty;
TreeView tree = new TreeView();
FillConnectionToTreeView(tree);
//Transform Treeview To JSON
//必须这样做，防止二重管理的问题。如果这里的逻辑有两套的话，维护起来比较麻烦。
//一套逻辑，来控制树的内容。然后将TreeView的内容转换为JSON。
//递归GetSubTreeNode
strJSON = GetSubTreeNode(tree.Nodes[0]).ToJson(SystemManager.JsonWriterSettings);
return strJSON;
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="SubNode"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static BsonDocument GetSubTreeNode(TreeNode SubNode)
{
if (SubNode.Nodes.Count == 0)
{
BsonDocument SingleNode = new BsonDocument();
SingleNode.Add("name", SubNode.Text);
SingleNode.Add("icon", "MainTreeImage" + String.Format("{0:00}",SubNode.ImageIndex) + ".png");
return SingleNode;
}
else
{
BsonDocument MultiNode = new BsonDocument();
MultiNode.Add("name", SubNode.Text);
BsonArray ChildrenList = new BsonArray();
foreach (TreeNode item in SubNode.Nodes)
{
ChildrenList.Add(GetSubTreeNode(item));
}
MultiNode.Add("children", ChildrenList);
MultiNode.Add("icon", "MainTreeImage" + String.Format("{0:00}", SubNode.ImageIndex) + ".png");
return MultiNode;
}
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ConnectionName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static String FillConnectionToJSON(String ConnectionName)
{
String strJSON = String.Empty;
TreeView tree = new TreeView();
FillConnectionToTreeView(tree);
//Transform Treeview To JSON
//必须这样做，防止二重管理的问题。如果这里的逻辑有两套的话，维护起来比较麻烦。
//一套逻辑，来控制树的内容。然后将TreeView的内容转换为JSON。
//递归GetSubTreeNode
strJSON = GetSubTreeNode(tree.Nodes[0]).ToJson(SystemManager.JsonWriterSettings);
return strJSON;
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="SubNode"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static BsonDocument GetSubTreeNode(TreeNode SubNode)
{
if (SubNode.Nodes.Count == 0)
{
BsonDocument SingleNode = new BsonDocument();
SingleNode.Add("name", SubNode.Text);
SingleNode.Add("icon", "MainTreeImage" + String.Format("{0:00}",SubNode.ImageIndex) + ".png");
return SingleNode;
}
else
{
BsonDocument MultiNode = new BsonDocument();
MultiNode.Add("name", SubNode.Text);
BsonArray ChildrenList = new BsonArray();
foreach (TreeNode item in SubNode.Nodes)
{
ChildrenList.Add(GetSubTreeNode(item));
}
MultiNode.Add("children", ChildrenList);
MultiNode.Add("icon", "MainTreeImage" + String.Format("{0:00}", SubNode.ImageIndex) + ".png");
return MultiNode;
}
}
#endregion
原来的FillConnectionToTreeView(tree);是一个很庞大的方法，用来构建一个Treeview，里面存放着数据库的完整结构。
这里我们将这个Treeview ，通过GetSubTreeNode 这个方法转换为了BsonDocument，然后直接使用内置方法转为JSON，一切搞定了。10来行代码，非常优雅。
通过这个例子，我想说，作为程序员，一定要时刻注意，不要出现同样的代码，不要双重管理代码，不要改了一个地方，另一个地方也必须改动。
明天去 埃森哲 入职，上海埃森哲的朋友，多多关照阿。。。。
