HDU 5787 K-wolf Number (数位DP)

K-wolf Number

题目链接:

http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=5787

Description

Alice thinks an integer x is a K-wolf number, if every K adjacent digits in decimal representation of x is pairwised different.
Given (L,R,K), please count how many K-wolf numbers in range of [L,R].

Input

The input contains multiple test cases. There are about 10 test cases.

Each test case contains three integers L, R and K.

1≤L≤R≤1e18
2≤K≤5

Output

For each test case output a line contains an integer.

Sample Input

1 1 2
20 100 5

Sample Output

1
72

Source

2016 Multi-University Training Contest 5


##题意: 找出区间[L,R]中有多少个数满足任意相邻的K位均不不相同.
##题解: 数位DP:分别对l-1.r求出从0开始一共有多少个数满足条件. dp[i][j]:处理到还剩下i个数时左边相邻k个数是j(j代表一串数)的情况种数. 用map, LL> dp[maxn]来表示dp数组,vector存储左边相邻的k个数. 依次枚举每一位可能放置的数字并进行递归处理.
1. 在递归时要标记一下之前放置的那些数能否保证小于上限,如果可以当前位可以放置0-9任意数. 2. 注意处理前导零和非前导零的情况:这里用-1代表前导零,如果枚举到当前位为0时,要先看上一位是否为-1,如果是-1则当前位要更新为-1(也是前导零). 3. 记忆化:用map-dp记录下当前的计算结果. 注意:仅当当前数能确定比上限小时才能记录dp值. (反例:比如样例的20和100,先处理100得到dp[2][-1,-1,-1]=91, 若记录下当前dp,在处理19时,则会直接返回91.) 4. 之前一直TLE是因为每次处理数据时都把dp初始化了一遍,而实际上对于所有数据dp都可以共用,只需要初始化一次即可. 5. 看到一份用五维dp数组记录的代码仅用了300ms,而上述用map-vector的记录方式用了2000ms.

##代码: ``` cpp #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define LL long long #define mid(a,b) ((a+b)>>1) #define eps 1e-8 #define maxn 55000 #define mod 1000000007 #define inf 0x3f3f3f3f #define IN freopen("in.txt","r",stdin); using namespace std;

int k;
int num[20];
map<vector, LL> dp[20];

bool is_ok(const vector& cur) {
int state = 0;
for(int i=0; i<k; i++) {
if(cur[i] == -1) continue;
if(state & (1<<cur[i])) return false;
else state |= (1<<cur[i]);
}
return true;
}

LL dfs(int len, vector cur, bool is_small) {
if(len == 0) return 1LL;

if(is_small && dp[len].count(cur)) return dp[len][cur];

int limits = is_small? 9:num[len];
vector<int> next; next.clear();
int sz = cur.size();
for(int i=1; i<sz; i++) {
    next.push_back(cur[i]);
}

LL ret = 0;
for(int i=0; i<=limits; i++) {
    if(i) next.push_back(i);
    else {
        if(next[k-2] == -1) next.push_back(-1);
        else next.push_back(0);
    }
    if(is_ok(next)) {
        ret += dfs(len-1, next, !(!is_small&&i==limits));
    }
    next.pop_back();
}

if(is_small) dp[len][cur] = ret;
return ret;

}

LL solve(LL x) {
int cnt = 0;
vector cur; cur.clear();
while(x) {
num[++cnt] = x % 10;
x /= 10;
}
for(int i=0; i<k; i++)
cur.push_back(-1);
return dfs(cnt, cur, 0);
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
//IN;

LL l,r;
for(int i=0; i<20; i++) dp[i].clear();

while(scanf("%I64d %I64d %d", &l,&r,&k) != EOF)
{
    //for(int i=0; i<20; i++) dp[i].clear();
    printf("%I64d\n", solve(r) - solve(l-1));
}

return 0;

}

posted @ 2016-08-03 16:00  Sunshine_tcf  阅读(691)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报