段式LCD液晶显示屏的底层驱动程序
本次任务用瑞赛单片机R7C004驱动定制的段式液晶，4COM，18seg，1/3偏压。由于单片机本身有段式液晶驱动，根据数据手册可以知道其工作过程及控制方法。
过程分2步：1，配置硬件驱动寄存器。2，根据具体液晶情况，取模，定义联合结构体。
步骤1可以查看数据手册，根据步骤配置写程序配置程序如下：4COM,18个seg从seg0到seg18（出去seg11）
void LCD_Init(void)
{
HB_LCDM1=0;nop();
HB_LCDM0=0x4D;
HB_PFSEG0=0xf0;HB_PFSEG1=0xF7;HB_PFSEG2=0x07;
HB_PFSEG3=0x00;HB_PFSEG4=0x00;HB_PFSEG5=0x00;
HB_PFSEG6=0x00;
HB_LCDC0=0x16;
HB_VLCD=0X16;
us_delay(100);
HB_LCDM1=0x20;
nop();nop();nop();
HB_LCDM1|=0xc0;
HB_ISCLCD=0;
}
步骤2 液晶的具体情况如下2图
我们根据图1来设定取模，我把 56 78 910 、、、、两两合为一个字节 8位数据。 即8H 7C 7B 7A 7D 7E 7G 7F 这里的7 即代表数码管的位置，7代表从右往左数第2位数码管。
这样H 即为0x80 A为0x10 我用宏定义设置每一段的数值
#define LcdSingMask 0x00 #define LcdSeg_a 0x10 #define LcdSeg_b 0x20 #define LcdSeg_c 0x40 #define LcdSeg_d 0x08 #define LcdSeg_e 0x04 #define LcdSeg_f 0x01 #define LcdSeg_g 0x02
并通过宏定义对0-f 和u 取模
#define Char_0 LcdSeg_a+LcdSeg_b+LcdSeg_c\ +LcdSeg_d+LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_f #define Char_1 LcdSeg_b+LcdSeg_c #define Char_2 LcdSeg_a+LcdSeg_b\ +LcdSeg_d+LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_g #define Char_3 LcdSeg_a+LcdSeg_b+LcdSeg_c\ +LcdSeg_d+LcdSeg_g #define Char_4 LcdSeg_b+LcdSeg_c\ +LcdSeg_f+LcdSeg_g #define Char_5 LcdSeg_a+LcdSeg_c\ +LcdSeg_d+LcdSeg_f+LcdSeg_g #define Char_6 LcdSeg_a+LcdSeg_g+LcdSeg_c\ +LcdSeg_d+LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_f #define Char_7 LcdSeg_a+LcdSeg_b+LcdSeg_c #define Char_8 LcdSeg_a+LcdSeg_b+LcdSeg_c\ +LcdSeg_d+LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_f+LcdSeg_g #define Char_9 LcdSeg_a+LcdSeg_b+LcdSeg_c\ +LcdSeg_d+LcdSeg_f+LcdSeg_g #define Char_A LcdSeg_a+LcdSeg_b+LcdSeg_c\ +LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_f+LcdSeg_g #define Char_b LcdSeg_c\ +LcdSeg_d+LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_f+LcdSeg_g #define Char_C LcdSeg_a+LcdSeg_f+LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_d #define Char_d LcdSeg_b+LcdSeg_c+LcdSeg_d\ +LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_g #define Char_E LcdSeg_a\ +LcdSeg_d+LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_f+LcdSeg_g #define Char_F LcdSeg_a+LcdSeg_f+LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_g #define Char_r LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_g #define Char_H LcdSeg_b+LcdSeg_c+LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_f+LcdSeg_g #define Char_L LcdSeg_d+LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_f #define Char_Row LcdSeg_g #define Char_U LcdSeg_b+LcdSeg_c+LcdSeg_d+LcdSeg_e+LcdSeg_f
从图一可以看到 基本上每两个seg能完全配置一个数码管，值得一提的是 ，我通过union来管理他们，简洁明了。
typedef union {
uchar LCD_LgcBuf[Gcst_LCDBufSize];
struct{
struct
{
unsigned char Sign_7F:1;
unsigned char Sign_7G:1;
unsigned char Sign_7E:1;
unsigned char Sign_7D:1;
unsigned char Sign_7A:1;
unsigned char Sign_7B:1;
unsigned char Sign_7C:1;
unsigned char Sign_8H:1;
}Sign_SEG1_2;
struct
{
unsigned char Sign_8F:1;
unsigned char Sign_8G:1;
unsigned char Sign_8E:1;
unsigned char Sign_8D:1;
unsigned char Sign_8A:1;
unsigned char Sign_8B:1;
unsigned char Sign_8C:1;
unsigned char Sign_9H:1;
}Sign_SEG3_4;
struct
{
unsigned char Sign_9F:1;
unsigned char Sign_9G:1;
unsigned char Sign_9E:1;
unsigned char Sign_9D:1;
unsigned char Sign_9A:1;
unsigned char Sign_9B:1;
unsigned char Sign_9C:1;
unsigned char Sign_kWh:1;
}Sign_SEG5_6;
struct
{
unsigned char Sign_Jiner:1;
unsigned char Sign_10H:1;
unsigned char Sign_Yuan:1;
unsigned char Sign_V:1;
unsigned char Sign_6A:1;
unsigned char Sign_6B:1;
unsigned char Sign_6C:1;
unsigned char Sign_7H:1;
}Sign_SEG7_8;
struct
{
unsigned char Sign_6F:1;
unsigned char Sign_6G:1;
unsigned char Sign_6E:1;
unsigned char Sign_6D:1;
unsigned char Sign_Dian:1;
unsigned char Sign_11H:1;
unsigned char Sign_Shengyu:1;
unsigned char Sign_Dangqian:1;
}Sign_SEG9_10;
struct
{
unsigned char Sign_5A:1;
unsigned char Sign_5B:1;
unsigned char Sign_5C:1;
unsigned char Sign_6H:1;
unsigned char Sign_5F:1;
unsigned char Sign_5G:1;
unsigned char Sign_5E:1;
unsigned char Sign_5D:1;
}Sign_SEG11_12;
struct
{
unsigned char Sign_4A:1;
unsigned char Sign_4B:1;
unsigned char Sign_4C:1;
unsigned char Sign_5H:1;
unsigned char Sign_4F:1;
unsigned char Sign_4G:1;
unsigned char Sign_4E:1;
unsigned char Sign_4D:1;
}Sign_SEG13_14;
struct
{
unsigned char Sign_3A:1;
unsigned char Sign_3B:1;
unsigned char Sign_3C:1;
unsigned char Sign_4H:1;
unsigned char Sign_3F:1;
unsigned char Sign_3G:1;
unsigned char Sign_3E:1;
unsigned char Sign_3D:1;
}Sign_SEG15_16;
struct
{
unsigned char Sign_2A:1;
unsigned char Sign_2B:1;
unsigned char Sign_2C:1;
unsigned char Sign_A:1;
unsigned char Sign_2F:1;
unsigned char Sign_2G:1;
unsigned char Sign_2E:1;
unsigned char Sign_2D:1;
}Sign_SEG17_18;
}Signs;
}UnDef_LcdBuf;
这里初始化每个结构体时，要把低为放前边。
我把一些特殊的值单独赋值，比如“当前”，“金额”。因为这些不是数码，要根据特殊情况来置位。同样用到宏定义。
#define Sign_Kwh_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG5_6.Sign_kWh #define Sign_V_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG7_8.Sign_V #define Sign_Yuan_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG7_8.Sign_Yuan #define Sign_A_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG17_18.Sign_A #define Sign_Shengyu_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG9_10.Sign_Shengyu #define Sign_Jiner_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG7_8.Sign_Jiner #define Sign_Dianliang_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG9_10.Sign_Dian #define Sign_Dangqian_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG9_10.Sign_Dangqian #define Sign_P4_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG15_16.Sign_4H #define Sign_P5_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG13_14.Sign_5H #define Sign_P6_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG11_12.Sign_6H #define Sign_P7_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG7_8.Sign_7H #define Sign_P8_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG1_2.Sign_8H #define Sign_P9_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG3_4.Sign_9H #define Sign_P10_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG7_8.Sign_10H #define Sign_P11_Dat GStr_LcdBuf.Signs.Sign_SEG9_10.Sign_11H
#define Dis_Kwh Sign_Kwh_Dat=1 #define Dis_Fu_V Sign_V_Dat=1 #define Dis_Yuan Sign_Yuan_Dat=1 #define Dis_An_A Sign_A_Dat=1 #define Dis_Shengyu Sign_Shengyu_Dat=1 #define Dis_Jin_e Sign_Jiner_Dat=1 #define Dis_Dianliang Sign_Dianliang_Dat=1 #define Dis_Dangqian Sign_Dangqian_Dat=1 #define Dis_Point5 Sign_P4_Dat=1 #define Dis_Point4 Sign_P5_Dat=1 #define Dis_Point3 Sign_P6_Dat=1 #define Dis_Point2 Sign_P7_Dat=1 #define Dis_Point1 Sign_P8_Dat=1 #define Dis_Point0 Sign_P9_Dat=1 #define Dis_Point10 Sign_P10_Dat=1 #define Dis_Point11 Sign_P11_Dat=1
取模和液晶对应起来后，就可以写基础的赋值程序了。
根据瑞萨R7004数据手册介绍，只需王显示寄存器赋值既可以了。
赋值程序如下：
void Screen_convert(void)
{
*(LCD_StartAddr)=GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[0]&0X0F;
*(LCD_StartAddr+1)=(GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[0]>>4);
*(LCD_StartAddr+2)=GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[1]&0X0F;
*(LCD_StartAddr+3)=(GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[1]>>4);
*(LCD_StartAddr+4)=GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[2]&0X0F;
*(LCD_StartAddr+5)=(GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[2]>>4);
*(LCD_StartAddr+6)=GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[3&0X0F];
*(LCD_StartAddr+7)=(GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[3]>>4);
*(LCD_StartAddr+8)=GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[4]&0X0F;
*(LCD_StartAddr+9)=(GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[4]>>4);
*(LCD_StartAddr+10)=GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[5]&0X0F;
*(LCD_StartAddr+12)=(GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[5]>>4);
*(LCD_StartAddr+13)=GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[6]&0X0F;
*(LCD_StartAddr+14)=(GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[6]>>4);
*(LCD_StartAddr+15)=GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[7]&0X0F;
*(LCD_StartAddr+16)=(GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[7]>>4);
*(LCD_StartAddr+17)=GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[8]&0X0F;
*(LCD_StartAddr+18)=(GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[8]>>4);
}
LCD_StartAddr为寄存器首地址，数据手册有。把一个字节分为高低4位，赋值给连续的两个显示寄存器，就可正常显示一个数码管的数字了。接下来介绍怎么王数组里填充数值。
<pre name="code" class="objc">void Dis_1char(uchar PuB_position,uchar PuB_data)
{
uchar LuW_Dat;
LuW_Dat=GAuB_char_tbl[PuB_data];
switch(PuB_position)
{
case 0: GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[2]=LuW_Dat;break;
case 1: GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[1]=LuW_Dat;break;
case 2: GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[0]=LuW_Dat;break;
case 3: GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[3]|=(LuW_Dat&0xf0);GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[4]|=(LuW_Dat&0x0f);break;
case 4: zhihuan(LuW_Dat);GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[5]=LuW_Dat;break;
case 5: zhihuan(LuW_Dat);GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[6]=LuW_Dat;break;
case 6: zhihuan(LuW_Dat);GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[7]=LuW_Dat;break;
case 7: zhihuan(LuW_Dat);GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[8]=LuW_Dat;break;
default: break;
}
}
这里要注意GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[？]的顺序和要显示的位置的关系，和图一一一对应，比如要显示0位置时，可根据图1的 要用9A-9C，K那两个seg 即GStr_LcdBuf.LCD_LgcBuf[2]。位置3，有点特殊，他分别用到了数组3的高4位，和数组4的低四位。位置4-7，高低四位又反过来，所以要加zhihuan(LuW_Dat);实现高低4为互换。
#define zhihuan(dat) ((dat>>4)|(dat<<4))
了解基本的显示程序后，显示的步骤为：
1，LCD_Init()
2，Dis_1char(PuB_position,PuB_data)，，还可以有Sign_Kwh_Dat、Dis_Jin_e、Dis_Point0之类。
3，Screen_convert()
懒惰不会让你一下子跌到
但会在不知不觉中减少你的收获；
勤奋也不会让你一夜成功
但会在不知不觉中积累你的成果
越努力，越幸运。
