2019.03.23 文件的上传下载
上传的几个注意点，post 必须写enctype = “multipart/form-data 什么文件编码的东西
主要是上传文件插入到数据库，存放的位置吧，会在本地保存的
主要还是要设置setting input type==file 获取请求参数的时候用request.FILES.get()
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'media')
#global_settings
实现步骤
配置URL
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^student/', include('student.urls')),
]
#coding=utf-8
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns=[
url(r'^$', views.Index.as_view()),
]
创建视图
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your views here.
from django.views import View
class Index(View):
def get(self,request):
return render(request,'index.html')
def post(self,request):
uname = request.POST.get('uname','')
photo = request.FILES.get('photo','')
import os
if not os.path.exists('static'):
os.makedirs('static')
with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'static',photo.name),'wb') as fw:
#一次性读取文件
fw.write(photo.read())
return HttpResponse('上传成功！')
创建模板
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/student/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
{% csrf_token %}
用户名：<input type="text" name="uname"/><br/><br/>
头 像：<input type="file" name="photo"/><br/><br/>
    <input type="submit" value="注册"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
配置URL
#coding=utf-8
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns=[
url(r'^$', views.Index.as_view()),
url(r'^stulist/$', views.StuList.as_view()),
url(r'^download/$', views.Download.as_view()),
]
创建视图
class Download(View):
def get(self,request):
#获取文件存放位置
filepath = request.GET.get('photo','')
#获取文件名
filename = filepath[filepath.rindex('/')+1:]
#获取文件绝对路径
path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'media',filepath.replace('/','\\'))
with open(path,'rb') as fr:
response = HttpResponse(fr.read())
response['Content-Type']='image/png'
#预览模式
response['Content-Disposition']='inline;filename='+filename
#附件模式
# response['Content-Disposition']='attachment;filename='+filename
return response
文件名中文情况
from django.utils.encoding import escape_uri_path
response['Content-Disposition'] = "attachment; filename*=utf-8''{}".format(escape_uri_path(file_name))
