Kafka+Zookeeper集群搭建
上次介绍了ES集群搭建的方法,希望能帮助大家,这儿我再接着介绍kafka集群,接着上次搭建的效果。
首先我们来简单了解下什么是kafka和zookeeper?
Apache kafka 是一个分布式的基于push-subscribe的消息系统,它具备快速、可扩展、可持久化的特点。它现在是Apache旗下的一个开源系统,作为hadoop生态系统的一部分,被各种商业公司广泛应用。它的最大的特性就是可以实时的处理大量数据以满足各种需求场景:比如基于hadoop的批处理系统、低延迟的实时系统、storm/spark流式处理引擎。
特点:
- 高吞吐量、低延迟:kafka每秒可以处理几十万条消息,它的延迟最低只有几毫秒
- 可扩展性:kafka集群支持热扩展
- 持久性、可靠性:消息被持久化到本地磁盘,并且支持数据备份防止数据丢失
- 容错性:允许集群中节点失败(若副本数量为n,则允许n-1个节点失败)
- 高并发:支持数千个客户端同时读写
ZooKeeper是一个分布式的,开放源码的分布式应用程序协调服务,它包含一个简单的原语集,分布式应用程序可以基于它实现同步服务,配置维护和命名服务等。
集群角色:
- Leader服务器是整个zookeeper集群工作机制中的核心
- Follower服务器是zookeeper集群状态的跟随者
- Observer 服务器充当一个观察者的角色
接下来就直接进去正题,如何正确的搭建kafka和zookeeper集群。
一、zookeeper集群配置
1、修改主机名
kafka1.example.com --> 172.16.81.131 kafka2.example.com --> 172.16.81.132
2、修改hosts文件
[root@kafka1 opt]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 kafka1.example.com localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 [root@kafka2 opt]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 kafka2.example.com localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
3、安装jdk
cd /opt jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz tar -zxvf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz mv jdk-1.8.0_131 /usr/local/
4、配置jdk环境变量
[root@kafka1 opt]# tail -10 /etc/profile #JAVA环境变量 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_131 export JAVA_BIN=$JAVA_HOME/bin export JAVA_LIB=$JAVA_HOME/lib export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_LIB/tools.jar:$JAVA_LIB/dt.jar export PATH=$JAVA_BIN:$PATH export _JAVA_SR_SIGNUM=12 #zookeeper环境变量 export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/zookeeper/ export PATH=$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$PATH export PATH [root@kafka2 opt]# tail -10 /etc/profile #JAVA环境变量 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_131 export JAVA_BIN=$JAVA_HOME/bin export JAVA_LIB=$JAVA_HOME/lib export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_LIB/tools.jar:$JAVA_LIB/dt.jar export PATH=$JAVA_BIN:$PATH export _JAVA_SR_SIGNUM=12 #zookeeper环境变量 export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/zookeeper/ export PATH=$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$PATH export PATH #应用环境变量 source /etc/profile
5、下载软件包
zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz
#解压
tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz
mv zookeeper-3.4.10 zookeeper
cd /opt/zookeeper/config/
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
6、编辑zookeeper配置文件
[root@kafka1 opt]# cat /opt/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg | grep -v '^#' | grep -v '^$' tickTime=2000 initLimit=20 syncLimit=10 dataDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/data datalogDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/logs clientPort=2181 server.1=172.16.81.131:2888:3888 server.2=172.16.81.132:2888:3888 [root@kafka2 opt]# cat /opt/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg | grep -v '^#' | grep -v '^$' tickTime=2000 initLimit=20 syncLimit=10 dataDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/data datalogDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/logs clientPort=2181 server.1=172.16.81.131:2888:3888 server.2=172.16.81.132:2888:3888
#注意:在zookeeper配置文件中或者后面不能跟注释文字,不然会报错!
#说明:
tickTime: 这个时间是作为 Zookeeper 服务器之间或客户端与服务器之间维持心跳的时间间隔,也就是每个 tickTime 时间就会发送一个心跳。
2888端口:表示的是这个服务器与集群中的 Leader 服务器交换信息的端口;
3888端口:表示的是万一集群中的 Leader 服务器挂了,需要一个端口来重新进行选举,选出一个新的 Leader,而这个端口就是用来执行选举时服务器相互通信的端口
7、分别在kafka1和kafka2服务器上创建datadir目录
mkdir -p /opt/kafka/data mkdir -p /opt/kafka/data/zookeeper
8、分别写入id
[root@kafka1 opt]# echo "1" > /opt/kafka/data/zookeeper/myid [root@kafka2 ~]# echo "2" > /opt/kafka/data/zookeeper/myid #注意ID不能一样
9、启动zookeeper集群
cd /opt/zookeeper/ bin/zkServer.sh start
10、启动效果
[rootkafka1 ~]# netstat -nlpt | grep -E "2181|2888|3888" tcp 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 33644/java tcp 0 0 ::ffff:10.1.1.247:3888 :::* LISTEN 33644/java [root@kafka2 ~]# netstat -nlpt | grep -E "2181|2888|3888" tcp 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 35016/java tcp 0 0 ::ffff:10.1.1.248:2888 :::* LISTEN 35016/java #哪台是leader,那么他就拥有2888端口 tcp 0 0 ::ffff:10.1.1.248:3888 :::* LISTEN 35016/java
二、kafka集群搭建
1、配置文件
[root@kafka1 opt]# cat /opt/kafka/config/server.properties | grep -v '^#'|grep -v '^$' broker.id=1 listeners=PLAINTEXT://172.16.81.131:9092 num.network.threads=3 num.io.threads=8 socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400 socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400 socket.request.max.bytes=104857600 log.dirs=/opt/kafka/data/kafka-logs num.partitions=10 num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1 offsets.topic.replication.factor=1 transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1 transaction.state.log.min.isr=1 log.retention.hours=168 log.segment.bytes=1073741824 log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000 zookeeper.connect=172.16.81.131:2181,172.16.81.132:2181 zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000 group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0 [root@kafka2 ~]# cat /opt/kafka/config/server.properties | grep -v '^#'|grep -v '^$' broker.id=2 listeners=PLAINTEXT://172.16.81.132:9092 num.network.threads=3 num.io.threads=8 socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400 socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400 socket.request.max.bytes=104857600 log.dirs=/opt/kafka/data/kafka-logs num.partitions=10 num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1 offsets.topic.replication.factor=1 transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1 transaction.state.log.min.isr=1 log.retention.hours=168 log.segment.bytes=1073741824 log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000 zookeeper.connect=172.16.81.131:2181,172.16.81.132:2181 zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000 group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0 #注意:broker.id不能相同
2、启动kafka集群
/opt/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh /opt/kafka/config/server.properties &
3、启动效果
[root@kafka1 opt]# netstat -lntp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp6 0 0 :::47457 :::* LISTEN 6582/java tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.131:9092 :::* LISTEN 9260/java tcp6 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 6582/java tcp6 0 0 :::33230 :::* LISTEN 9260/java tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.131:3888 :::* LISTEN 6582/java [root@kafka2 ~]# netstat -lntp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.132:9092 :::* LISTEN 9395/java tcp6 0 0 :::42884 :::* LISTEN 6779/java tcp6 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 6779/java tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.132:2888 :::* LISTEN 6779/java tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.132:3888 :::* LISTEN 6779/java tcp6 0 0 :::38557 :::* LISTEN 9395/java
4、测试zookeeper和kafka是否正常
(1)建立一个主题 [root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 2 --partitions 1 --topic summer Created topic "summer". #注意:factor大小不能超过broker数,否则报错,当前集群broker值值为2 (2)查看有哪些主题已经创建 [root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper 172.16.81.132:2181 summer [root@kafka1 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper 172.16.81.131:2181 summer (3)查看topic的详情 [root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --describe --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic summer Topic:summer PartitionCount:1 ReplicationFactor:2 Configs: Topic: summer Partition: 0 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2,1 Isr: 2,1 #主题名称:summer #Partition:只有一个,从0开始 #leader :id为2的broker #Replicas 副本存在于broker id为2,1的上面 #Isr:活跃状态的broker (4)发送消息,这里使用的是生产者角色 [root@kafka2 ~]# /bin/bash /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic summer >Hello,wangyanlin >I am from china. > > >; >^C[root@kafka2 ~]# (5)接收消息,这里使用的是消费者角色 [root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic summer --from-beginning Using the ConsoleConsumer with old consumer is deprecated and will be removed in a future major release. Consider using the new consumer by passing [bootstrap-server] instead of [zookeeper]. Hello,wangyanlin I am from china. ; ^CProcessed a total of 5 messages [root@kafka1 kafka]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper 172.16.81.132:2181 --topic summer --from-beginning Using the ConsoleConsumer with old consumer is deprecated and will be removed in a future major release. Consider using the new consumer by passing [bootstrap-server] instead of [zookeeper]. Hello,wangyanlin I am from china. ; ^CProcessed a total of 5 messages (6)删除消费主题 /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --delete --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic summer 开启conf里面的 delete.topic.enable改成true #测试正常!!完成!
测试kafka集群能正常接收消费信息和消费信息!!
后续将发布配置logstash日志收集和过滤,还有kibana图形化展示。