3.设计用于浅串行化的类

3.1 从可串行化的类中定制XML串行化
    1.格式化XML文档元素
    [XmlRoot(ElementName = "Pupil", Namespace = "urn:MyNamespace")]
    
public class Student
    
{
        
//则生成XML文档中,根元素<Pupil xmlns="urn:MyNamespace">
    }
    
    2.格式化XML元素
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "FullName", Namespace = "urn:OtherNamespace")]
        
public string Name
        
{
            
get return name; }
            
set { name = value; }
        }
    
        生成XML如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Pupil xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
       xmlns:d1p1
="urn:OtherNamespace" >
  
<d1p1:FullName>Thomas Smith</d1p1:FullName>    
</Pupil>
        这里的d1p1是自动生成的,在标题4,有办法自己指定Namespace前缀。
         
    3.格式化XML属性
        [XmlAttribute(AttributeName="StudentNumber", Namespace="urn:MyNamespace")]
        
public string Name
        
{
            
get return name; }
            
set { name = value; }
        }

        同样还是Name属性,这次是使用XmlAttribute标签,生成XML如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Pupil xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
       xmlns:d1p1
="urn:OtherNamespace" 
       d1p1:Name
="Thomas Smith">
</Pupil>
        XML属性在空间利用率上比XML元素略高一些。
        
    4.为元素/属性设计限定的命名空间
        使用XmlSerializer的Serialize方法重载,额外带一个XmlSerializerNamespace参数,指定这个命名空间前缀
        public void SerializeIt(string filename)
        
{
            
//自定义命名空间
            XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
            ns.Add(
"xsd""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema");
            ns.Add(
"xsi""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance");
            ns.Add(
"otherNS""urn:OtherNamespace");

            XmlSerializer serializer 
= new XmlSerializer(typeof(Book));
            StreamWriter writer 
= new StreamWriter(filename);
            Book myBook 
= new Book();

            
//使用Serialize重载方法
            serializer.Serialize(writer, myBook, ns);
            writer.Close();
        }

        从而生成完全自定义的XML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Pupil xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
       xmlns:otherNS
="urn:OtherNamespace" 
        xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
        otherNS:StudentNumber
="8007" xmlns="urn:MyNamespace">
    
<otherNS:FullName>Thomas Smith</otherNS:FullName>
</Pupil>
   
    5.格式化文本内容        
        [XmlText()]
        
public string Name
        
{
            
get return name; }
            
set { name = value; }
        }

        则Name会生成在<Pupil>XXX(Name)</Pupil>中作为文本

    6.为元素/属性定义数据类型
        XML Schema类型与.NET数据类型有一个Mapping,比如说type对应System.DateTime
        [XmlElement(DataType="date")]
        
public DateTime EnrollDate
        
{
            
get return enrollDate; }
            
set { enrollDate = value; }
        }

        于是生成XML: <EnrollDate>2007-10-19</EnrollDate>
        XMLRoot,XmlAttribute,XMLElement,XMLText,XMLArrayItem标签都可以指定DataType

    7.为枚举修饰符指定其他名称
        public enum Color
        

            [XmlEnum(Name
="White Color")]
            White,
            [XmlEnum(Name 
= "Black Color")]
            Black,
            [XmlEnum(Name 
= "Red Color")]
            Red
        }


        
private Color showColor;

        
public Color ShowColor
        
{
            
get return showColor; }
            
set { showColor = value; }
        }

生成XML如下格式:
    <ShowColor>White Color</ShowColor>

    8.串行化多肽数组
        [XmlArray(ElementName="Cources"),
        XmlArrayItem(Type
=typeof(String), ElementName="CourceName"),
        XmlArrayItem(Type
=typeof(Int32), ElementName="CourceCode")]
        
public Object[] Subjects
        
{
            
get return subjects; }
            
set { subjects = value; }
        }
XmlArrayItem负责指定数组中可能出现的元素类型,以及该类型对应的XML前缀
比如说创建如下的数组:
    Object obj = new Object["Physics", 123, "IT"];

生成XML如下格式:
<Cources>
    
<CourceName>Physics</CourceName>
    
<CourceCode>123</CourceCode>
    
<CourceName>IT</CourceName>
</Cources>

    9.定义可空的对象引用
        如果某属性为null,在串行化时会忽略该属性,可以显示替代的信息,方法如下:
        [XmlElement(IsNullable = true)]
        
public string Address
        
{
            
get return address; }
            
set { address = value; }
        }

在该位置,生成替代XML:
     <Address xsi:nil="true" />

    10.定义可忽略的字段/属性
        [XmlIgnore()]

3.2 把XML串行化定制为SOAP编码格式

        public void MySerialize(Student obj, string filename)
        
{
            SoapReflectionImporter importer 
= new SoapReflectionImporter();
            XmlTypeMapping mapping 
= importer.ImportMembersMapping(typeof(Student));

            XmlTextWriter writer 
= new XmlTextWriter(filename, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
            writer.WriteStartElement(
"MyWrapperElement");
            writer.WriteAttributeString(
"xmlns""xsd", Nothing, "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema");
            writer.WriteAttributeString(
"xmlns""xsi", Nothing, "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance");
            writer.WriteAttributeString(
"xmlns""soap", Nothing, "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/");
            writer.WriteAttributeString(
"xmlns""otherNS", Nothing, "urn:OtherNamespace");

            XmlSerializer serializer 
= new XmlSerializer(mapping);
            serializer.Serialize(writer, obj);
            writer.WriteEndElement();
            writer.Close();
        }

于是,生产SOAP格式的XML文件。

Soap编码串行化的属性,无XMLText和XMLArray,其它的对应如下:

SoapType XmlType
SoapElement XmlElement
SoapAttribute XmlAttribute
SoapEnum XmlEnum
SoapIgnore XmlIgnore
SoapInclude XmlInclude

posted @ 2007-10-19 12:07  包建强  Views(1209)  Comments(1Edit  收藏  举报