LeetCode 47. Permutations II

原题链接在这里:https://leetcode.com/problems/permutations-ii/

题目:

Given a collection of numbers that might contain duplicates, return all possible unique permutations.

For example,
[1,1,2] have the following unique permutations:
[1,1,2][1,2,1], and [2,1,1]

题解:

nums中有重复元素,为了避免加重复值,需要去重.

去重的方法有两种,一个是加结果之前用contains看是否有重复结果,另外一个是找结果之前比较它是否与前一个元素相同。

Recursion方法和Permutations相同,但为了去重,不但需要比较与之前元素是否相同,还需要看之前元素是否被use过, 如果usd[i-1] = true 说明前个相同的值已经在item里, 那么没有关系.

但若之前元素没有被用过那么就需要跳过.

Time Complexity: exponenetial.

Space: O(nums.length). stack space. regardless res.

AC Java:

 1 class Solution {
 2     public List<List<Integer>> permuteUnique(int[] nums) {
 3         List<List<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>();
 4         boolean [] used = new boolean[nums.length];
 5         Arrays.sort(nums);
 6         dfs(nums, used, new ArrayList<Integer>(), res);
 7         return res;
 8     }
 9     
10     private void dfs(int [] nums, boolean [] used, List<Integer> item, List<List<Integer>> res){
11         if(item.size() == nums.length){
12             res.add(new ArrayList<Integer>(item));
13             return;
14         }
15         
16         for(int i = 0; i<nums.length; i++){
17             if(i>0 && !used[i-1] && nums[i]==nums[i-1]){
18                 continue;
19             }
20             if(!used[i]){
21                 used[i] = true;
22                 item.add(nums[i]);
23                 dfs(nums, used, item, res);
24                 item.remove(item.size()-1);
25                 used[i] = false;
26             }
27             
28         }
29     }
30 }

AC Python:

 1 class Solution(object):
 2     def permuteUnique(self, nums):
 3         res = []
 4         nums.sort()
 5         self.dfs(nums, [False] * len(nums), [], res)
 6         return res
 7         
 8     def dfs(self, nums, used, item, res):
 9         if len(item) == len(nums):
10             res.append(item[:])
11             return
12             
13         for i in range(len(nums)):
14             if i > 0 and not used[i - 1] and nums[i] == nums[i - 1]:
15                 continue
16             
17             if not used[i]:
18                 used[i] = True
19                 item.append(nums[i])
20                 self.dfs(nums, used, item, res)
21                 item.pop()
22                 used[i] = False
23             

Iteration方法和Subsets II很像,加进newRes之前检查newRes是否包含了重复item, 没有重复才可以加进来.

Time Complexity: exponential. Space: O(res.size()).

AC Java:

 1 public class Solution {
 2     public List<List<Integer>> permuteUnique(int[] nums) {
 3         List<List<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>();
 4         if(nums == null || nums.length == 0){
 5             return res;
 6         }
 7         List<Integer> item = new ArrayList<Integer>();
 8         item.add(nums[0]);
 9         res.add(item);
10         for(int i = 1; i<nums.length; i++){
11             List<List<Integer>> newRes = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>();
12             for(int j = 0; j<res.size(); j++){
13                 List<Integer> cur = res.get(j);
14                 for(int k=0;k<cur.size()+1;k++){
15                     item = new ArrayList<Integer>(cur);
16                     item.add(k,nums[i]);
17                     if(!newRes.contains(item)){
18                         newRes.add(item);
19                     }
20                 }
21             }
22             res = newRes;
23         }
24         return res;
25     }
26 }

类似Permutations

posted @ 2015-09-27 12:41  Dylan_Java_NYC  阅读(327)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报