Java 生成 / 解码 QR码

QR码的使用越来越多，可以在很多地方见着，比如火车票、推广产品上等，以下将介绍如何用Java生成QR码以及解码QR码。

1、涉及开源项目：

ZXing :一个开源Java类库用于解析多种格式的1D/2D条形码。目标是能够对QR编码、Data Matrix、UPC的1D条形码进行解码。 其提供了多种平台下的客户端包括：J2ME、J2SE和Android。---用来解码QRcode

d-project:Kazuhiko Arase的个人项目(他具体是谁不清楚，日本的)，提供丰富的配置参数，非常灵活---用来生成QR code

2、效果图：

生成QR code

 

解码QR code

3、使用d-project生成QRcdoe

    1）将com.d_project.qrcode.jar引入工程

    2）QRcodeAction代码：

+ View Code?

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public void generate(RequestContext rc)             throws UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException, ServletException {                 //待转数据         String data = rc.param("data", "http://osctools.net/qr");                 //输出图片类型                 String output = rc.param("output", "image/jpeg");           int type = rc.param("type", 4);         if (type < 0 || 10 < type) {             return;         }           int margin = rc.param("margin", 10);         if (margin < 0 || 32 < margin) {             return;         }           int cellSize = rc.param("size", 4);         if (cellSize < 1 || 4 < cellSize) {             return;         }           int errorCorrectLevel = 0;           try {             errorCorrectLevel = parseErrorCorrectLevel(rc,                     rc.param("error", "H"));         } catch (Exception e) {             return;         }           com.d_project.qrcode.QRCode qrcode = null;         try {             qrcode = getQRCode(data, type, errorCorrectLevel);         } catch (Exception e) {             return;         }           if ("image/jpeg".equals(output)) {               BufferedImage image = qrcode.createImage(cellSize, margin);               rc.response().setContentType("image/jpeg");               OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(rc.response()                     .getOutputStream());               try {                 ImageIO.write(image, "jpeg", out);             } finally {                 out.close();             }           } else if ("image/png".equals(output)) {               BufferedImage image = qrcode.createImage(cellSize, margin);               rc.response().setContentType("image/png");               OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(rc.response()                     .getOutputStream());               try {                 ImageIO.write(image, "png", out);             } finally {                 out.close();             }           } else if ("image/gif".equals(output)) {               GIFImage image = createGIFImage(qrcode, cellSize, margin);               rc.response().setContentType("image/gif");               OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(rc.response()                     .getOutputStream());               try {                 image.write(out);             } finally {                 out.close();             }           } else {             return;         }       }       private static int parseErrorCorrectLevel(RequestContext rc, String ecl) {         if ("L".equals(ecl)) {             return ErrorCorrectLevel.L;         } else if ("Q".equals(ecl)) {             return ErrorCorrectLevel.Q;         } else if ("M".equals(ecl)) {             return ErrorCorrectLevel.M;         } else if ("H".equals(ecl)) {             return ErrorCorrectLevel.H;         } else {             throw rc.error("qr_error_correct_error");         }       }         private static QRCode getQRCode(String text, int typeNumber,             int errorCorrectLevel) throws IllegalArgumentException {         if (typeNumber == 0) {             return QRCode.getMinimumQRCode(text, errorCorrectLevel);         } else {             QRCode qr = new QRCode();             qr.setTypeNumber(typeNumber);             qr.setErrorCorrectLevel(errorCorrectLevel);             qr.addData(text);             qr.make();             return qr;         }     }       private static GIFImage createGIFImage(QRCode qrcode, int cellSize,             int margin) throws IOException {           int imageSize = qrcode.getModuleCount() * cellSize + margin * 2;           GIFImage image = new GIFImage(imageSize, imageSize);           for (int y = 0; y < imageSize; y++) {               for (int x = 0; x < imageSize; x++) {                   if (margin <= x && x < imageSize - margin && margin <= y                         && y < imageSize - margin) {                       int col = (x - margin) / cellSize;                     int row = (y - margin) / cellSize;                       if (qrcode.isDark(row, col)) {                         image.setPixel(x, y, 0);                     } else {                         image.setPixel(x, y, 1);                     }                   } else {                     image.setPixel(x, y, 1);                 }             }         }           return image;     }

　　

    3）前端页面：

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<script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery/jquery.form-2.82.js"></script>   <script type="text/javascript">       $(document).ready(function(){                   $("#submit").click(function(){               var url = "/action/qrcode/generate?" + $("#qrcode_form").serialize();               $(".QRCodeDiv img").attr("src",url+"&"+new Date().getTime());               $("#gen_url").attr("href",url);           });                   $("#zxing").popover({               'title':'条形码处理类库 ZXing',               'content':'ZXing是一个开源Java类库用于解析多种格式的1D/2D条形码。目标是能够对QR编码、Data Matrix、UPC的1D条形码进行解码。 其提供了多种平台下的客户端包括：J2ME、J2SE和Android。',               'placement':'bottom'           });       });   </script>   <div id="mainContent" class="wrapper">   <div class="toolName">在线生成二维码(QR码)-采用<a id="zxing" href="http://www.oschina.net/p/zxing">ZXing</a>与<a href="http://www.d-project.com/">d-project</a><a data-toggle="modal" href="#advice" style="float:right;text-decoration:none;"><span class="badge badge-important"><i class="icon-envelope icon-white"></i> Feedback</span></a></div>   <div class="toolUsing clearfix">       <div class="toolsTab  clearfix">           <ul class="nav nav-tabs">               <li class="active"><a href="/qr">转QR码</a></li>               <li ><a href="/qr?type=2">二维码解码</a></li>           </ul>           <div class="clear"></div>       </div>       <form id="qrcode_form" method="post" >               <div class="leftBar">               <div class="title">URL或其他文本:</div>               <textarea class="input-xlarge" name="data" onfocus="if(this.value=='http://osctools.net/qr'){this.value='';};this.select();" onblur="(this.value=='')?this.value='http://osctools.net/qr':this.value;">http://osctools.net/qr</textarea>           </div>           <div class="operateLR">               <div class="OptDetail span1">                   <label>输出格式:</label>                   <select name="output" class="span1">                       <option value="image/gif" selected>GIF</option>                       <option value="image/jpeg">JPEG</option>                       <option value="image/png">PNG</option>                   </select>                   <label>纠错级别:</label>                   <select name="error" class="span1">                       <option value="L" selected>L 7%</option>                       <option value="M">M 15%</option>                       <option value="Q">Q 25%</option>                       <option value="H">H 30%</option>                   </select>                   <label>类型:</label>                   <select name="type" class="span1">                       <option value="0">自动</option>                                           <option value="1">1</option>                                           <option value="2">2</option>                                           <option value="3">3</option>                                           <option value="4">4</option>                                           <option value="5">5</option>                                           <option value="6">6</option>                                           <option value="7">7</option>                                           <option value="8">8</option>                                           <option value="9">9</option>                                           <option value="10">10</option>                                       </select>                   <label>边缘留白:</label>                   <select name="margin" class="span1">                                           <option value="0">0</option>                                           <option value="1">1</option>                                           <option value="2">2</option>                                           <option value="3">3</option>                                           <option value="4">4</option>                                           <option value="5">5</option>                                           <option value="6">6</option>                                           <option value="7">7</option>                                           <option value="8">8</option>                                           <option value="9">9</option>                                           <option value="10">10</option>                                           <option value="11">11</option>                                           <option value="12">12</option>                                           <option value="13">13</option>                                           <option value="14">14</option>                                           <option value="15">15</option>                                           <option value="16">16</option>                                           <option value="17">17</option>                                           <option value="18">18</option>                                           <option value="19">19</option>                                           <option value="20">20</option>                                           <option value="21">21</option>                                           <option value="22">22</option>                                           <option value="23">23</option>                                           <option value="24">24</option>                                           <option value="25">25</option>                                           <option value="26">26</option>                                           <option value="27">27</option>                                           <option value="28">28</option>                                           <option value="29">29</option>                                           <option value="30">30</option>                                           <option value="31">31</option>                                           <option value="32">32</option>                                       </select>                   <label>原胞大小:</label>                   <select name="size" class="span1">                                           <option value="1"  >1</option>                                           <option value="2"  >2</option>                                           <option value="3"  >3</option>                                           <option value="4" selected >4</option>                                       </select>                   <button class="btn btn-small btn-primary" id="submit" onclick="return false;">生成QR码</button>            </div>           </div>           <div class="rightBar">                           <div class="title">QR码：</div>               <div class="QRCodeDiv">                   <div class="QRWrapper">                       <a id="gen_url" href="/action/qrcode/generate?size=4" target="_blank"><img src="/action/qrcode/generate?size=4"/></a>                   </div>               </div>           </div>           </form>   </div>   </div>

　　

4、使用ZXing解码QRcode

    1）下载Zxing-2.0.zip

    2）引入zxing-barcode_core.jar与zxing_barcode_j2se.jar到工程

    3）QRcodeAction代码：

+ View Code?

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@PostMethod     @JSONOutputEnabled     public void decode(RequestContext rc) throws IOException {         //存在qrcode的网址                 String url = rc.param("url", "");                 //待解码的qrcdoe图像                 File img = rc.file("qrcode");         if (StringUtils.isBlank(url) && img == null) {             throw rc.error("qr_upload_or_url_null");         }           List<Result> results = new ArrayList<Result>();         Config config = new Config();         Inputs inputs = new Inputs();           config.setHints(buildHints(config));           if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(url)) {             addArgumentToInputs(url, config, inputs);         }         if (img != null) {             inputs.addInput(img.getCanonicalPath());         }         while (true) {             String input = inputs.getNextInput();             if (input == null) {                 break;             }             File inputFile = new File(input);             if (inputFile.exists()) {                 try {                     Result result = decode(inputFile.toURI(), config,rc);                     results.add(result);                 } catch (IOException e) {                 }             } else {                 try {                     Result result = decode(new URI(input), config,rc);                     results.add(result);                 } catch (Exception e) {                 }             }         }         rc.print(new Gson().toJson(results));     }       private Result decode(URI uri,Config config,RequestContext rc)             throws IOException {         Map<DecodeHintType, ?> hints = config.getHints();         BufferedImage image;         try {             image = ImageIO.read(uri.toURL());         } catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {             throw rc.error("qr_resource_not_found");         }         if (image == null) {             throw rc.error("qr_could_not_load_image");         }         try {             LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);             BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));             Result result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);             return result;         } catch (NotFoundException nfe) {             throw rc.error("qr_no_barcode_found");         }     }       private static Map<DecodeHintType, ?> buildHints(Config config) {         Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new EnumMap<DecodeHintType, Object>(                 DecodeHintType.class);         Collection<BarcodeFormat> vector = new ArrayList<BarcodeFormat>(8);         vector.add(BarcodeFormat.UPC_A);         vector.add(BarcodeFormat.UPC_E);         vector.add(BarcodeFormat.EAN_13);         vector.add(BarcodeFormat.EAN_8);         vector.add(BarcodeFormat.RSS_14);         vector.add(BarcodeFormat.RSS_EXPANDED);         if (!config.isProductsOnly()) {             vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_39);             vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_93);             vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_128);             vector.add(BarcodeFormat.ITF);             vector.add(BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE);             vector.add(BarcodeFormat.DATA_MATRIX);             vector.add(BarcodeFormat.AZTEC);             vector.add(BarcodeFormat.PDF_417);             vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODABAR);             vector.add(BarcodeFormat.MAXICODE);         }         hints.put(DecodeHintType.POSSIBLE_FORMATS, vector);         if (config.isTryHarder()) {             hints.put(DecodeHintType.TRY_HARDER, Boolean.TRUE);         }         if (config.isPureBarcode()) {             hints.put(DecodeHintType.PURE_BARCODE, Boolean.TRUE);         }         return hints;     }       private static void addArgumentToInputs(String argument, Config config,             Inputs inputs) throws IOException {         File inputFile = new File(argument);         if (inputFile.exists()) {             inputs.addInput(inputFile.getCanonicalPath());         } else {             inputs.addInput(argument);         }     }

　

 　4）前端页面：

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<script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery/jquery.form-2.82.js"></script>   <script type="text/javascript">       $(document).ready(function(){                   $("#qrcode_form").ajaxForm({               success:function(json){                   if(json==null)                       return;                   json = eval("("+json+")");                   if(json.msg){                       alert(json.msg);                       return;                   }                   if(json[0])                       $("#result").val(json[0].text);                   else                       $("#result").val("解码失败");               }           });                   $("#zxing").popover({               'title':'条形码处理类库 ZXing',               'content':'ZXing是一个开源Java类库用于解析多种格式的1D/2D条形码。目标是能够对QR编码、Data Matrix、UPC的1D条形码进行解码。 其提供了多种平台下的客户端包括：J2ME、J2SE和Android。',               'placement':'bottom'           });       });   </script>   <div id="mainContent" class="wrapper">   <div class="toolName">在线生成二维码(QR码)-采用<a id="zxing" href="http://www.oschina.net/p/zxing">ZXing</a>与<a href="http://www.d-project.com/">d-project</a><a data-toggle="modal" href="#advice" style="float:right;text-decoration:none;"><span class="badge badge-important"><i class="icon-envelope icon-white"></i> Feedback</span></a></div>   <div class="toolUsing clearfix">       <div class="toolsTab  clearfix">           <ul class="nav nav-tabs">               <li ><a href="/qr">转QR码</a></li>               <li class="active"><a href="/qr?type=2">二维码解码</a></li>           </ul>           <div class="clear"></div>       </div>       <form id="qrcode_form" method="post" action="/action/qrcode/decode">               <div class="topBar">               <div class="title">                   <label class="radio" for="upload_url">图片URL:                       <input checked="checked" name="upload_ctn" id="upload_url" style="margin-right:5px;" type="radio" onchange="if(this.checked){$('input[name=\'url\']').removeAttr('disabled');$('input[name=\'qrcode\']').attr('disabled','disabled')}"/>                   </label>               </div>               <input name="url" id="url" style="width:100%;height:40px;margin:0 0 10px 0;" onfocus="if(this.value=='http://www.osctools.net/img/qr.gif'){this.value='';};this.select();" onblur="(this.value=='')?this.value='http://www.osctools.net/img/qr.gif':this.value;" value="http://www.osctools.net/img/qr.gif"/>               <div class="title">                   <label  class="radio" for="upload_img">上传图片:                       <input style="margin-right:5px;" name="upload_ctn" id="upload_img" type="radio" onchange="if(this.checked){$('input[name=\'qrcode\']').removeAttr('disabled');$('input[name=\'url\']').attr('disabled','disabled')}"/>                   </label>               </div>               <input disabled="disabled" name="qrcode" type="file" class="input-file"/>               <input class="btn btn-primary" value="解码" type="submit"/>           </div>           <div class="bottomBar">               <div class="title">解码结果:</div>               <textarea id="result"></textarea>           </div>           </form>   </div> </div>

注意：其中牵涉到的RequestContext类见此处：http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_12_2