CentOS7安装配置KVM
一、安装kvm
1、安装libvirt软件包
# 必装包
shell> yum -y install libcanberra-gtk2 qemu-kvm.x86_64 qemu-kvm-tools.x86_64 \
libvirt.x86_64 libvirt-cim.x86_64 libvirt-client.x86_64 libvirt-java.noarch libvirt-python.x86_64 \
dbus-devel virt-clone virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python virt-viewer \
libiscsi-1.7.0-5.el6.x86_64 tunctl python-virtinst
# 选装包:增加virt-edit、virt-copy-in命令支持
shell> yum -y install libguestfs-tools-c.x86_64
# CentOS7.5默认kernel有bug,在CentOS5.8 32bit虚机里执行重启操作,会导致宿主机崩溃,需要升级kernel解决。
shell> yum -y update kernel
2、启动libvirt
shell> systemctl start libvirtd
shell> systemctl enable libvirtd
3、修改libvirt vm镜像默认位置
shell> mkdir /export/kvm_images/
shell> cat >> /export/default.xml << EOF
<pool type='dir'>
<name>default</name>
<source>
</source>
<target>
<path>/export/kvm_images</path>
<permissions>
<mode>0755</mode>
<owner>0</owner>
<group>0</group>
</permissions>
</target>
</pool>
EOF
shell> virsh pool-define /export/default.xml
shell> virsh pool-autostart default
shell> virsh pool-start default
4、libvirtd部分配置项优化
- 查看启动配置
shell> cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service
# 确认是否有如下信息
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/libvirtd
- 修改qemu-kvm默认监听地址,开放远程连接权限
shell> sed -i 's/#vnc_listen.*/vnc_listen = "0.0.0.0"/' /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf
- 编辑启动配置,载入环境配置文件
shell> vi /etc/sysconfig/libvirtd
LIBVIRTD_CONFIG=/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf
LIBVIRTD_ARGS="--listen"
- 编辑环境配置文件,启用tcp和sasl加密
shell> vi /etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf
listen_tls = 0
listen_tcp = 1
tcp_port = "16509"
listen_addr = "0.0.0.0"
auth_tcp = "sasl"
- 编辑sasl加密配置,使用md5加密
shell> vi /etc/sasl2/libvirt.conf
mech_list: digest-md5
sasldb_path: /etc/libvirt/passwd.db
- 安装sasl-md5加密支持
shell> yum -y install cyrus-sasl-md5
- 创建 kvm_user 用户,用于tcp连接
# 设置密码: ******
shell> saslpasswd2 -a libvirt kvm_user
- 重启libvirtd进程,开启tcp连接。
shell> systemctl restart libvirtd
三、设置网卡桥接bridge模式
1、修改eth0网卡
shell> vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
BRIDGE=br0
2、创建br0网卡
shell> vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
DEVICE=br0
TYPE=Bridge
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=59.151.49.104
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=59.151.49.1
四、修改主机名
shell> hostnamectl --static set-hostname xg-kvm-201234