Linq操作之Except,Distinct,Left Join
最近项目中用到了Linq中Except,Distinct,Left Join这几个运算,这篇简单的记录一下这几种情形。
Except
基础类型使用Linq的运算很简单,下面用来计算两个集合的差
int[] a = {1, 2, 3, 4};
int[] b = {2, 3, 4, 5};
var reslut = a.Except(b);
result 用来返回a有,b没有的值,计算结果是1。
自定义类型实现Except
class Employee
{public int ID { get; set; }}
对于引用类型,若需要根据属性进行Except运算,则看下面简单的例子
List<Employee> employeeA = new List<Employee>() { new Employee { ID = 1 }, new Employee { ID = 2 }};List<Employee> employeeB = new List<Employee>() { new Employee { ID = 2 }, new Employee { ID = 3 } };//var reslut = employeeA.Except(employeeB);
var reslut = (from a in employeeA
select a.ID).Except(from b in employeeB
select b.ID );
对于集合的操作,Linq中还提供了Union,Intersect等常见的几个运算,都是关系数据库中常用的运算
Distinct
Distict是用来排除相同序列中元素的,对于基础类型,可以直接使用Distinct
int[] a = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4};
var reslut = a.Distinct();
结果是1,2,3,4,但是对于自定义类型,则需要额外的一些操作,方式有多种,这里选择其中一种,即实现IEquatable<>
class Employee : IEquatable<Employee>
{public int ID { get; set; }public string Name { get; set; }public bool Equals(Employee other){if (Object.ReferenceEquals(other, null))return false;if (ReferenceEquals(this, other))return true;return ID.Equals(other.ID);
}public override int GetHashCode(){return ID.GetHashCode();
}}
这里重写了GetHashCode,Equals根据ID相同过滤对象,看简单的例子
List<Employee> employees = new List<Employee>
{new Employee {ID = 1, Name = "Ringgo"},new Employee {ID = 2, Name = "Rex"},new Employee {ID = 1, Name = "Ringgo"}};var reslut = employees.Distinct();
这样就实现了对自定义类型的Distinct操作。
Left Join
Linq查询表达式中提供了join运算,比较常见的是join.. on ..equals,也就是内联接运算
int[] array1 = {1, 2, 3, 4};
int[] array2 = {1, 2,3,5};
var reslut = from a in array1
join i in array2 on a equals i into c
from o in c
select o;
这里要说的是Left Join,这里为了方便,仅列出表达式的语法
var result = from a in employees
join b in _biddingBase
on a.EmployeeId equals b.EmployeeId into tempfrom t in temp.DefaultIfEmpty()
select new
{Name = a.Name,OrganizationName = a.OrganizaionName,EmployeeId = a.AgentId,Id = a.EmployeeId,OrganizationId = a.OrganizaionId,DayOffValue = t==null?0:t.DayOffValue,
TimeOffValue = t==null?0:t.TimeOffValue
};
这段代码主要是用到DefaultIfEmpty(),那么在右集合为null时,注意DayOffValue = t==null?0:t.DayOffValue这种语法即可。
如果你对数据库的表的各种联接运算理解的话,我想用LINQ这种语法会更方便。
以上即是这段时间项目中遇到的一些问题,为了之后再遇到这种问题时不必花时间,这里自己把这些问题提取出来,也希望对你有所帮助。