Ubuntu16.04下Django项目的部署
起飞前的准备
# 首先在Ubuntu的当前用户zhang下新建data文件夹，然后在data文件夹下新建你的项目目录
root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data# mkdir my_web_project root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data# ls my_web_project root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data# cd my_web_project/
# virtualenv --no-site-paceages env 创建虚拟环境，--no-site-packages 表示一个干净的目录，不会安装没必要的包 root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project# virtualenv --no-site-packages env Using base prefix '/usr' New python executable in /home/zhang/data/my_web_project/env/bin/python3 Also creating executable in /home/zhang/data/my_web_project/env/bin/python Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done. root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project# ls env root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project# cd env/ root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project/env# ls bin include lib pip-selfcheck.json
# 激活虚拟环境 root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project/env# source bin/activate
#查看版本，查看到当前的环境下没有太多的包 (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project/env# pip -V pip 10.0.0 from /home/zhang/data/my_web_project/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pip (python 3.5) (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project/env# pip list Package Version ---------- ------- pip 10.0.0 setuptools 39.0.1 wheel 0.31.0
# 退出虚拟环境 (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project/env# deactivate root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project/env# source bin/activate
# 安装1.10.4版本的Django
(env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project/env# pip install django==1.10.4 Collecting django==1.10.4
# 安装uwsgi
(env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project/env# pip install uwsgi Collecting uwsgi
第一步：uwsgi
首先测试uwsgi，并用uwsgi启动服务
def application(env, start_response): start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')]) return [b"Hello uwsgi!"]
刚开始按照网上说的用这个方法启动老是报错 (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project# python app.py (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project# uwsgi --http :8008 --wsfi-file app.py uwsgi: unrecognized option '--wsfi-file' getopt_long() error 最后发现启动的方式默认是socket的方式 (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project# uwsgi --http-socket :8008 --wsgi-file app.py *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.17 (64bit) on [Tue Apr 17 19:05:22 2018] *** compiled with version: 5.4.0 20160609 on 18 April 2018 01:30:18 os: Linux-4.10.0-28-generic #32~16.04.2-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jul 20 10:19:48 UTC 2017
pkill -f -9 uwsgi #停止uwsgi
第二步：nginx
# 直接在命令行下运行 apt-get install nginx (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project# apt-get install nginx Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done
nginx的启动与关闭 (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project# service nginx stop (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project# ps aux | grep nginx (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project# service nginx start (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project# ps aux | grep nginx root 55075 0.0 0.0 124968 1420 ? Ss 19:24 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; www-data 55076 0.0 0.1 125332 3072 ? S 19:24 0:00 nginx: worker process www-data 55077 0.0 0.1 125332 3072 ? S 19:24 0:00 nginx: worker process www-data 55078 0.0 0.1 125332 3072 ? S 19:24 0:00 nginx: worker process www-data 55079 0.0 0.1 125332 3072 ? S 19:24 0:00 nginx: worker process root 55082 0.0 0.0 14220 988 pts/20 S+ 19:24 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/home/zhang/data/my_web_project#
nginx的配置文件都在
# /etc/nginx/... (env) root@zhang-virtual-machine:/etc/nginx# ls conf.d fastcgi_params koi-win nginx.conf scgi_params sites-enabled uwsgi_params fastcgi.conf koi-utf mime.types proxy_params sites-available snippets win-utf
此时访问浏览器可以看到如下：
第三步：Django+uwsgi+nginx
nginx的配置文件所在路径： /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
uwsgi 所在路径：项目更目录
启动项目： uwsgi --ini demo.ini & #利用配置文件启动，默认不在终端显示 /etc/init.d/nginx start #启动nginx
附加：
supervisor是一个对进程管理的软件，可以帮助我们启动uwsgi并维护（uwsgi进程关闭时，自动将其启动起来）。
安装：apt-get install supervisor
配置 vim /etc/supervisor/supervisor.conf
[supervisord] http_port=/var/tmp/supervisor.sock ; (default is to run a UNIX domain socket server) ;http_port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; (alternately, ip_address:port specifies AF_INET) ;sockchmod=0700 ; AF_UNIX socketmode (AF_INET ignore, default 0700) ;sockchown=nobody.nogroup ; AF_UNIX socket uid.gid owner (AF_INET ignores) ;umask=022 ; (process file creation umask;default 022) logfile=/var/log/supervisor/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log) logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; (max main logfile bytes b4 rotation;default 50MB) logfile_backups=10 ; (num of main logfile rotation backups;default 10) loglevel=info ; (logging level;default info; others: debug,warn) pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid) nodaemon=false ; (start in foreground if true;default false) minfds=1024 ; (min. avail startup file descriptors;default 1024) minprocs=200 ; (min. avail process descriptors;default 200) ;nocleanup=true ; (don't clean up tempfiles at start;default false) ;http_username=user ; (default is no username (open system)) ;http_password=123 ; (default is no password (open system)) ;childlogdir=/tmp ; ('AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP) ;user=chrism ; (default is current user, required if root) ;directory=/tmp ; (default is not to cd during start) ;environment=KEY=value ; (key value pairs to add to environment) [supervisorctl] serverurl=unix:///var/tmp/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket ;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket ;username=chris ; should be same as http_username if set ;password=123 ; should be same as http_password if set ;prompt=mysupervisor ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor") ; The below sample program section shows all possible program subsection values, ; create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under ; supervisor. ;[program:theprogramname] ;command=/bin/cat ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args) ;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999) ;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true) ;autorestart=true ; retstart at unexpected quit (default: true) ;startsecs=10 ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 10) ;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures (default 3) ;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2) ;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM) ;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait before SIGKILL (default 10) ;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program ;log_stdout=true ; if true, log program stdout (default true) ;log_stderr=true ; if true, log program stderr (def false) ;logfile=/var/log/cat.log ; child log path, use NONE for none; default AUTO ;logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB) ;logfile_backups=10 ; # of logfile backups (default 10) [program:oldboy] command=/usr/local/bin/uwsgi /data/oldboy/oldboy.ini ;命令 priority=999 ; 优先级（越小越优先） autostart=true ; supervisord启动时，该程序也启动 autorestart=true ; 异常退出时，自动启动 startsecs=10 ; 启动后持续10s后未发生异常，才表示启动成功 startretries=3 ; 异常后，自动重启次数 exitcodes=0,2 ; exit异常抛出的是0、2时才认为是异常 stopsignal=QUIT ; 杀进程的信号 stopwaitsecs=10 ; 向进程发出stopsignal后等待OS向supervisord返回SIGCHILD 的时间。若超时则supervisord将使用SIGKILL杀进程 user=chrism ; 设置启动该程序的用户 log_stdout=true ; 如果为True，则记录程序日志 log_stderr=false ; 如果为True，则记录程序错误日志 logfile=/var/log/cat.log ; 程序日志路径 logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; 日志文件最大大小 logfile_backups=10 ; 日志文件最大数量
启动： supervisord /etc/supervisor.conf #这个总是报错，不知道什么原因 或 /etc/init.d/supervisor start #这个比较好用
# 通过配置文件启动 uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini # 这样启动之后后台可以看到，不方便
uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini & # 建议这种，启动之后后台运行
# 会生成两个文件 PID文件 他是标识这个程序所处的状态 SOCK文件 他是用来和其他程序通信的 # 停止uwsgi uwsgi --stop uwsgi.pid # 重载配置 uwsgi --reload uwsgi.ini
本文来自博客园，作者：一石数字欠我15w!!!，转载请注明原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/52-qq/p/8873328.html
